The Real Top Doctors NYC

These dark blemishes around the eyes are caused by many etiologies, such as heredity and bruising. The genes related to dark circles are actually the genes that cause weakened capillaries in the skin around your eyes. Exposure to the sun can exacerbate dark circles. Sunlight darkens the skin by raising melanin levels and bringing melanin to the surface of the skin. Allergies, age and poor nutrition can also cause dark circles.

These crevices in the skin surface delve into the dermal layer (deep wrinkles) and even into the subcutaneous layer (folds). They are greater than 0.1mm in depth, up to 0.4mm in depth and remain well-defined and evident upon the relaxation of the muscles and the skin.

An artificial tooth root used in dentistry to support restorations that resemble a tooth or group of teeth.

A dental treatment consisting of applying a plastic material to one or more teeth, for the intended purpose of preventing dental caries (cavities) or other forms of tooth decay.

Damage to the nerve that controls the muscles of the eyelid, problems with the muscle strength, or swelling of the lid, may result in droopy eyelids. Drooping lids are either present at birth (congenital) or develop later in life. Drooping eyelids can stay constant, worsen over time (progressive), or come and go (intermittent). It can be one-sided or on both sides. Drooping eyelids may be due to a variety of conditions include aging, diabetes, stroke, Horner syndrome, myasthenia gravis, a brain tumor or other cancer that affects nerve or muscle reactions. 

Cosmetic surgery that tightens the lower eyelids and it raises the external corners of the eyes. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia, taking anywhere from an hour to three hours to complete. Scars from a Canthopexyare minimal. Canthopexyis also performed to treat conditions such as Entropion (a condition in which the eyelids are turned inwards) and dry eyes.

This procedure involves transplanting the patient’s own healthy cartilage, sometimes from the rib, or cadaver cartilage, to replace damaged areas of cartilage. It can be used for knee, nose and congenital ear defects in children and in adults. 

When bacterial processes damage hard tooth structure (enamel, dentin, and cementum), these tissues progressively break down, producing dental caries (holes in the teeth), or cavities. Two groups of bacteria are responsible for initiating caries: Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. If left untreated, the disease can lead to pain, tooth loss, infection and, in severe cases, death.

This lumpy substance, resembling cottage cheese, occurs mainly in women on the pelvic region, lower limbs and abdomen. It is caused by collections of fat that push against the connective tissue beneath a person’s skin, which causes the surface of the skin to dimple or pucker and look lumpy (have an orange-peel like appearance).

This type of facial peel uses a chemical solution to improve and smooth the texture of the facial skin by removing its damaged outer layers. It is helpful for those individuals with facial blemishes, wrinkles and uneven skin pigmentation. Phenol, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and alphahydroxy acids (AHAs) are used for this purpose.

A surgical procedure that creates a larger or more defined chin, during which a plastic surgeon places an implant in the chin region through an incision either inside the mouth or under the chin, which is barely noticeable after healing.

Chins become dimpled or cleft when the underlying bone structure of the jaw grows with an indentation in the center. Scientists think cleft chins occur when the left and right halves of the jaw fail to fully merge during embryological and fetal development. But unlike other analogous conditions such as cleft palate or harelip, a cleft chin is a neutral trait. It neither makes the possessor more or less biologically fit, although many find it attractive.

A surgical procedure that lessens a prominent-looking chin. A plastic surgeon will make an incision inside the mouth or under the chin to access the bone. The physician will set it back so that it appears less angular, or slide it forward if it is bony and angular, which will soften the contours.

This type of protein is fibrous in nature and connects and supports other bodily tissues, such as skin, bone, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It also supports the internal organs and is even present in teeth. There are more than 25 types of collagens that naturally occur in the body.

Restructure and add volume to fat-deficient areas of the face. There are different types of collagen fillers: Sculptra Aesthetic and Radiesse are the most well-known options.

Contain particles that signal the skin to produce more collagen. Instead of just filling in select lines and wrinkles, these are used on larger areas like the cheeks. The results (which are not instant but improve over time) are longer-lasting; you may need a series of treatments for maximum results. Sculptra is an example of a collagen stimulator.

A laser-assisted treatment that uses a vacuum applicator to cool fat in the body to 4 degrees Celsius, which causes the fat cells to die. Once crystallized and eliminated, the fat cells do not return to the treated area.

A leading U.S.-based developer and manufacturer of innovative, advanced laser products for medical professionals. Engineering and science-based, CoolTouch is considered a pioneer in the medical and aesthetics technology industry. In 1994, CoolTouch introduced the first 1320 nm wavelength laser to medical professionals for non-ablative wrinkle treatment. CoolTouch continued to set new standards in the industry with the launch of CoolTouch CTEV™ in 2004 for varicose vein treatment and with CoolLipo™ for laser lipolysis and skin tightening in 2007.

A type of steroid produced naturally by a gland in the body called the adrenal gland. Cortisone is released from the adrenal gland when the body is under stress. Natural cortisone is released into the blood stream and is relatively short-acting.

A powerful anti-inflammatory medication (but not pain-relieving), injectable cortisone is synthetically produced and has many different trade names (e.g. Celestone, Kenalog, etc.), but is a close derivative of the body’s own product. The most significant differences are that synthetic cortisone is not injected into the blood stream, but into a particular area of inflammation. By injecting the cortisone into a particular area of inflammation, very high concentrations of the medication can be given while keeping potential side-effects to a minimum. Cortisone injections usually work within a few days, and the effects can last up to several weeks.

Cosmetic body contouring surgery seeks to improve the shape, contours and proportions of the body through surgery. Body contouring procedures include sculpting procedures such as liposuction of the body as well as augmentation of the buttocks or calves.

A surgical procedure performed by a dentist to expose a greater amount of tooth structure for the purpose of subsequently restoring the tooth prosthetically.

This term is used to describe the wrinkles in the skin at the outer corner of the eyes. These are due to smiling, squinting and activity of the eyelid muscles.

Body acne caused by the same factors that trigger facial acne: overactive oil glands, excess dead skin cells and a proliferation of acne-causing bacteria. Like the face, the back and upper torso have more sebaceous glands—glands found within the dermis that produce the skin’s natural oil, or sebum—per square inch than other areas of the body, so hair follicles are more likely to become plugged with excess sebum and dead skin cells.

Halitosis can result from poor dental health habits (not brushing and flossing daily) and may be a sign of other health problems. Bad breath can also be made worse by the types of foods you eat and other unhealthy lifestyle habits.

Gel dermal filler that uses a cohesive polydensified matrix (CPM) technology in combination with a hyluronic acid base to create a highly effective, wrinkle-defying filler product. Originally launched in Germany, it is becoming increasingly popular as an injectable dermal filler for the correction of facial wrinkles and folds. Because Belotero has been designed from biofermentation hyaluronic acid, a substance naturally present in our body; the makers claim it is safe and completely biocompatible, as well as wholly biodegradable.

Used for whitening teeth. Impressions are taken of the mouth and a thin custom-made plastic tray is made, which the patient takes home to use. A small amount of a bleaching gel is placed in a tray and worn for a brief amount of time each day. It is the most common tooth-whitening technique because it’s easy to use and costs less. While some results may be seen in a couple days, it usually takes one to two weeks to see the full whitening of the teeth.

These are marks or areas of discoloration on the skin, including acne such as whiteheads, blackheads and pimples.

A surgical modification of the eyelid, in which excess tissue such as skin and fat are removed or repositioned, and surrounding muscles and tendons may be reinforced. It can be both a functional and cosmetic surgery.

Pioneered in Europe, PDT therapy works by applying a light-sensitizing chemical solution to the skin area that needs treatment and then exposing the area to blue light. The photosensitive chemicals, which have been absorbed into the skin, react with the particular wavelength of blue light to generate reactive oxygen radicals that destroy the potentially precancerous or cancerous skin cells.

A similar concept to a facelift—a plastic surgeon strategically places incisions that reshape body contours by reducing fat; lifting, tightening and shaping the underlying skin matrix; and smoothing and reducing the overlying skin. Often used when a patient has lost a large amount of weight that has left them with sagging skin. Sometimes combined with liposuction.

This composite resin filling is used for restoring decayed teeth, making cosmetic improvements and even changing the color of or reshaping the teeth. Bonding will lighten any stains, close up minor gaps and can be used to correct crooked teeth. The cosmetic dentist applies a thin coating of a plastic material on the front surface of your teeth, which is then sculpted and shaped. Finally a high-intensity light hardens the plastic and the surface is polished. These composites should last about seven to eleven years.

A neurotoxin and protein produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum, used clinically in small quantities to treat strabismus and facial spasms and other neurological disorders characterized by abnormal muscle contractions. It is also used by cosmetic surgeons to smooth frown lines temporarily, and used by doctors to treat migraines and excessive sweating.

This procedure involves removing the unsightly bumps and bulges above or below the bra line while hiding the scar under the bra line. Ideal candidates for the bra-line back lift are those with sagging skin caused by aging, sun exposure or massive weight loss such as that which occurs after bariatric surgery. This surgery does not remove back fat.

This type of butt augmentation procedure results in a youthful, prominent, perky buttocks and a more sensual body profile. Fat is removed from selected areas of the body, purified, and then reinjected into the buttocks. The process of fat reinjection involves scores or hundreds of injections. The procedure is designed to fill the upper quadrant of the buttocks so that the butt appears lifted and perky. 

The combination of oil, bacteria and toxins blocks pores causing acne breakouts. Hormones are chemicals that are produced by glands in the body and circulate in the bloodstream. They control numerous body functions including sebum (skin oil) production and regulation. The hormones that are responsible for acne are called androgens. When there are too many androgens in the blood, the sebaceous glands begin to over-produce oil in the skin. When the liver and kidneys are not properly cleansing the blood and are overloaded, the liver is unable to properly ‘deactivate’ used hormones and remove them from the body, therefore causing breakouts. 

Cosmetic surgery using breast implants for fuller breasts (breast enlargement) or to restore breast volume lost after weight reduction or pregnancy (breast enhancement).

A breast implant is a prosthesis used to alter the size and shape of a woman’s breasts (known as breast augmentation, breast enlargement, mammoplasty enlargement, augmentation mammoplasty or the common slang term boob job) for cosmetic reasons, to reconstruct the breast (e.g. after a mastectomy or to correct congenital chest wall deformities), or as an aspect of male-to-female gender transition. There are two primary types of breast implants: saline-filled and silicone-gel-filled implants. Saline implants have a silicone elastomer shell filled with sterile saline liquid. Silicone gel implants have a silicone shell filled with a viscous silicone gel.

A capillary is a small blood vessel located in the tissues of the body. When the vessels tear, the blood seeps out and becomes visible on the skin. Some of the most common causes are rosacea and sun exposure. Broken capillaries can also occur as part of the natural aging process.

Cosmetic procedure that minimizes the creases that develop across the forehead, or those that occur high on the bridge of the nose. It improves what are commonly referred to as frown lines; and repositions a low or sagging brow.

A cosmetic procedure used to enhance your rear end. There are two ways to do a buttock augmentation: fat transfer (by injecting your own fat removed by liposuction from other areas of the body) or a buttocks implant (by using prosthetics stronger than breast implants and made of an elastomer that cannot leak).

This area of the body is described as a horizontal crease formed by the inferior aspect of the buttocks and the posterior upper thigh. The gluteal sulcus is formed by the posterior horizontal skin crease of the hip joint and overlying fat, and is not formed by the lower border of gluteus maximus, which crosses the fold obliquely. It is one of the major defining features of the buttocks.

This procedure improves the contour of the buttock and makes it ‘perkier’. The butt lift can be achieved by two methods: Removing excess skin and tightening the skin above the upper part of the buttocks to lift the buttocks; or by using fat injections or implants. The fat injection procedure is also referred to as the Brazilian butt lift. In addition to more volume and prominence, fat injections give the butt more projection or lift.